Parties are encouraged to: a) integrate provisions for cumulative effects assessments (CEA) into relevant national environmental legislation, with specific consideration for migratory species, particularly those listed in CMS Appendices I and II; b) develop and implement national policy and guidance on the application of CEAs, ensuring that the impacts on migratory species are systematically assessed and addressed; c) support the development of robust, modern and uniform environmental impact assessments, including CEAs, for activities with potential impacts on migratory species in areas within and beyond national jurisdictions under the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement); d) collaborate and share information to jointly develop and implement CEA frameworks for local, national, regional or international application, and to collaborate and share information with intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations in support of these efforts; e) strengthen methodologies and criteria for identifying, evaluating and mitigating cumulative impacts on CMS-listed migratory species and their habitats, including cross-border cumulative effects and effects in underrepresented ecosystems.