About 2 million Mongolian gazelles roam the grasslands of Mongolia and adjacent areas in Russia and China. The species’ most important stronghold is the steppe habitats east of the Trans-Mongolian Railway. These gazelles are true nomads, rarely settling in one place and showing no fidelity to seasonal ranges or movement corridors. GPS tracking data from the Dornod and Sukhbaatar provinces revealed extremely far-ranging movements and the absence of predictable calving or wintering areas. For example, a single gazelle traveled over 18,000 km in five years, with an annual range of about 19,000 km2 per year and little overlap in ranges between years. The gazelles’ lack of site fidelity is rooted in the unpredictable nature of forage availability and weather across the Mongolian steppe. The locations of rainfall events and vegetation growth that gazelles seek out vary between years, as does the location of severe winter conditions — called Dzud — that gazelles try to avoid with long-distance escape movements. Gazelle movements are somewhat more seasonal in the southern Khenty region of Mongolia. In years when winters are particularly harsh, gazelles in that region tend to move to the southwest towards the fenced Trans-Mongolian Railway where they can navigate shallower snow in typically milder habitat.