In the tri-border area between Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan lies the Ustyurt Plateau, characterised by canyons and different types of deserts. It is one of the last places of refuge for various species of animals listed on the Appendices of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), an environmental treaty of the United Nations. Some of these migratory species are endangered and endemic, and include Saiga Antelopes (Saiga tatarica), Urial (Ovis vignei), Goitered Gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa), Kulan (Equus hemionus), and Persian Leopards (Panthera pardus tulliana).