Fisheries and hunting have no significant direct or indirect adverse impacts on migratory species, their habitats or their migration routes, and impacts of fisheries and hunting are within safe ecological limits.
Note: Achievement of this target will require that migratory species are managed and harvested sustainably, legally and through the use of ecosystem-based approaches. Overexploitation of migratory species must be avoided, and recovery plans and measures should be in place for all depleted species. Where there is uncertainty about what constitutes a “safe ecological limit” in a given case, a precautionary approach should be taken.
Expected result
For this target to be achieved, not only should fisheries and hunting be undertaken in ways which are designed to be sympathetic to migratory species, but the species themselves (and their habitats and migration routes) should be demonstrably unaffected to any significant adverse extent, either directly or indirectly. Determining the achievement of the target therefore requires information on the ecological outcome, not just on the activities that may affect it. Moreoverthis outcome must be attributable (at least in some degree) to the practice of safe hunting and fisheries.
This is a crucial question but challenging to measure. The ability to measure it would require information (in a given context, eg national, regional, global) on:
- The presence or absence of adverse impacts on migratory species due directly to fisheries or hunting.
- The presence or absence of adverse impacts on migratory species due indirectly to fisheries or hunting.
- The presence or absence of adverse impacts on migratory species habitats due directly to fisheries or hunting.
- The presence or absence of adverse impacts on migratory species habitats due indirectly to fisheries or hunting.
- The presence or absence of adverse impacts on migratory routes due directly to fisheries or hunting.
- The presence or absence of adverse impacts on migratory routes due indirectly to fisheries or hunting.
- Safe ecological limits for the impacts of fisheries and hunting.
As with Target 5, the outcome sought by Target 6may not need to involve a change, if impacts are within safe limits and are negligibly adverse at the outset. If impacts are not within safe limits and adverse impacts are significant, then this would be expected to change. In any case, demonstrating either a change or the maintenance of the status quo requires the information referred to above.
A - Outreach, promotion and uptake of the Plan
B - The delivery framework
- CMS COP Resolution 9.18 (2008) on By-catch
- CMS COP Resolution 10.14 (2011) on By-catch of CMS-listed species in gillnet fisheries
- CMS COP Resolution 11.22 (2014) on Live captures of cetaceans from the wild for commercial purposes
- Expert workshop on the requirements of legislation to address monitoring and mitigation of small cetacean bycatch
- Developing a shared understanding on the use of thresholds / environmental limits
- Recommendations of ASCOBANS on the Requirements of Legislation to Address Monitoring and Mitigation of Small Cetacean Bycatch
- Workshop on remote electronic monitoring with regards to bycatch of small cetaceans
- Guidelines to Prevent Risk of Poisoning to Migratory Birds
- CMS COP Resolution 11.16 (2011) on The Prevention of Illegal Killing, Taking, and Trade of Migratory Birds
- CMS Scientific Council Report on Bycatch
- CMS Scientific Council Report on Aquatic bushmeat
- ASCOBANS Resolution 8.2
- ASCOBANS Resolution 8.3 on the Revision of the Recovery Plan for Baltic Harbour Porpoises
- ASCOBANS Resolution 8.4 on the Conservation of Common Dolphins
- ASCOBANS Resolution 8.5 on the Monitoring and Mitigation of Small Cetacean Bycatch
- ASCOBANS Resolution 8.9 on Managing Cumulative Anthropogenic Impacts in the Marine Environment
- Memorandum of Understanding for the conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands Region: Whale and Dolphin Action Plan 2013-2017
- Conservation and Management Plan of the Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia
- Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Dugongs (Dugon dugong) and their Habitats throughout their Range
- Memorandum of Understanding concerning the conservation of the Manatee and small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia - Action Plan for the Conservation of small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia
- ASCOBANS Recovery Plan for Baltic Harbour Porpoises
- ASCOBANS Conservation Plan for Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena L.) in the North Sea
- ASCOBANS Conservation Plan for the Harbour Porpoise population in the Western Baltic, the Belt Sea and the Kattegat
- Action Plan - Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of the Middle-European Population of the Great Bustard
- CMS COP Resolution 10.10 (2011) on Guidance on global flyway conservation and options for policy arrangements
- Central Asian Flyways Action Plan for the conservation of migratory water birds and their habitats
- Resolution 10.3- The Role of Ecological Networks in the Conservation of Migratory Species
- Programme of Work of the Central Asian Mammals Initiative
- Saiga-Medium-Term International Work Programme (for the Saiga Antelope (2016-2020)
- International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Argali
- Action Plan concerning Conservation and Restoration of the Bukhara Deer
C - Key partnerships and other supporting delivery frameworks
- Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands Region: Whale and Dolphin Action Plan 2013-2017
- Conservation and Management Plan for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic coast of Africa
- Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Sharks; Conservation Plan
- The Prevention of Illegal Killing, Taking, and Trade of Migratory Birds
- Illegal Killing, Taking and Trade of Migratory Birds
D - Capacity development
- Manual for CMS National Focal Points
- CMS COP Resolution 11.24 (2014) on the Central Asian Mammals Initiative
- International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Argali
- Conservation and Management Plan for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic coast of Africa
- Conservation and Management Plan of the MoU on the Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia
- Medium Term International Work Programme supporting the implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the West African Populations of the African Elephant (West African Elephant MoU MTIWP)
- Central Asian Flyways Action Plan for the conservation of migratory water birds and their habitats
E - Resourcing for biodiversity (including human, technical and financial resources)
F - Monitoring and evaluation, including indicators, milestones and feedback to the sub-targets, as well as headline measures of success by which overall success of the SPMS may be judged
- International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Argali
- Memorandum of Understanding concerning the conservation of the Manatee and small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia - Action Plan for the Conservation of small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia
- Memorandum of Understanding for the conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands Region: Whale and Dolphin Action Plan 2013-2017
- Indicator Factsheets
G - Reporting on and review of progress at national level and by governing bodies such as the CMS COP