All critical habitats and sites for migratory species are identified and included in area-based conservation measures so as to maintain their quality, integrity, resilience and functioning in accordance with the implementation of Aichi Target 11, supported where necessary by environmentally sensitive land-use planning and landscape management on a wider scale.
Expected result
This target does not expressly describe a change, but it defines an intended end-state which clearly does not yet exist - at least in respect of the element specifying 100% coverage (“all” critical habitats and sites for migratory species being covered by the measures described). That change is therefore implied.
Assessment of progress towards this target would require information on:
- A shared interpretation of the term “critical” (see comment below).
- The location of all critical habitats and sites for migratory species.
- Identification of relevant area-based conservation measures that either are currently or are capable of:
- maintaining the quality of the habitats and sites;
- maintaining the integrity of the habitats and sites;
- maintaining the resilience of the habitats and sites;
- maintaining the functioning of the habitats and sites;
- doing all of the above in accordance with Aichi Target 11, which additionally seeks
- effective management;
- equitable management;
- ecological representativity;
- good connectivity;
- integration into wider landscapes and seascapes.
- The extent to which the critical habitats and sites referred to above are included in area-based conservation measures that meet the requirements listed above.
- Identification of situations among those identified above which require to be supported by environmentally sensitive land-use planning and landscape management on a wider scale.
- The extent to which the situations identified in accordance with the preceding point are actually being supported in the way described.
It would be possible to interpret the term “critical” as relating for example to a single stopover site on a migratory route that is used by an entire population of migratory animals at a stage in their migratory cycle, such that jeopardising this one site jeopardises the entire population in a way that jeopardising other sites used by only a proportion of the population at other times would not do. Such circumstances are not documented with certainty for many migratory species, and such an interpretation would be likely to restrict unduly the application of this target. It is accordingly proposed to interpret the term “critical” as though it referred to standards of “significance” or “importance” commonly used for example in protected area selection criteria. Its exact meaning will therefore vary according to the particular system of area-based measures being considered at the time, and according to the scale of evaluation (national, regional, global, etc).
Clearly this is a complex target with several component parts. Although full achievement of it can consist only of full realisation of all these parts, in practice assessments of progress are likely to need to concentrate on certain particularly tractable subdivisions of the issue.
A - Outreach, promotion and uptake of the Plan
- CMS Communication Strategy (under development)
B - The delivery framework
- CMS COP Resolution 10.11 (2011) on Power lines and migratory birds
- Resolution 11.26 Programme of Work on Climate Change and Migratory Species
- Resolution 11.27 Renewable Energy and Migratory Species
- Resolution 10.19 Migratory Species Conservation in the Light of Climate Change
- Memorandum of Understanding for the conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands Region: Whale and Dolphin Action Plan 2013-2017
- Conservation and Management Plan for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic coast of Africa
- Conservation and Management Plan of the Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia
- Memorandum of Understanding concerning the conservation of the Manatee and small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia - Action Plan for the conservation of small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia
- Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Dugongs (Dugon dugong) and their Habitats throughout their Range
- ASCOBANS Recovery Plan for Baltic Harbour Porpoises
- ASCOBANS Conservation Plan for the Harbour Porpoise population in the Western Baltic, the Belt Sea and the Kattegat
- Conservation and Management Plan for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic coast of Africa
- Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Sharks: Conservation Plan
- Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Birds of Prey in Africa and Eurasia
- Action Plan - Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of the Middle-European Population of the Great Bustard
- Central Asian Flyways Action Plan for the conservation of migratory water birds and their habitats
- Program of Work on Migratory Birds and Flyways
- Program of Work for the African-Eurasian Migratory Landbirds Action Plan (under development)
- Siberian Crane MoU Action Plan for Western/Central Asia Site Network
- CMS Resolution 11.25 Advancing Ecological Networks to address the needs of Migratory Species
C - Key partnerships and other supporting delivery frameworks
D - Capacity development
- Central Asian Flyways Action Plan for the conservation of migratory water birds and their habitats
- International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Argali
- MoU concerning conservation measures for marine turtles of the Atlantic coast of Africa: Conservation and Management Plan for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic coast of Africa
E - Resourcing for biodiversity (including human, technical and financial resources)
F - Monitoring and evaluation, including indicators, milestones and feedback to the sub-targets, as well as headline measures of success by which overall success of the SPMS may be judged
- CMS Resolution 11.25 Advancing Ecological Networks to address the needs of Migratory Species
- Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Sharks: Conservation Plan
- CMS Resolution 11.25 Advancing Ecological Networks to address the needs of Migratory Species
- Memorandum of Understanding for the conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands Region: Whale And Dolphin Action Plan 2013-2017
- Memorandum of Understanding concerning the conservation of the Manatee and small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia - Action Plan for the conservation of small cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia
- Indicator Factsheets
G - Reporting on and review of progress at national level and by governing bodies such as the CMS COP